Our group will explore this question by delving into methods and reasonings for using racial stereotypes in commercial and print advertisements. As well, we will research what is being done to stop or discourage this type of racially oppressive advertising. In addition, we will look at the affect that race-based advertising has on society's view on the accuracy of stereotypes.
SOURCES:
Brumbaugh, Anne M. Why do I identify with thee? Let me count three ways: How ad context influences race-based character identification. Psychology and Marketing. Vol26. No11. Pg 970-986. 2009. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. College of Charleston. 10.1002/mar.20308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20308
Three quasi-experimental studies with nonstudents reveal that one's ability to identify with a character shown in an ad based on shared race depends on the construction of the ad and the context in which characters are depicted. Results show that race-based identification overshadows both gender- and role-based identification for a racially targeted ad for distinctive black subjects but occurs for both black and white subjects for a culturally ambiguous ad. Further, results show that race-based character identification is absent when black and white characters are depicted in a mainstream inclusive ad and that dominant cultural norms predominate. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Scott Coltrane, & Melinda Messineo. (2000). The perpetuation of subtle prejudice: Race and gender imagery in 1990s television advertising. Sex Roles, 42(5/6), 363-389. Retrieved March 5, 2010, from Research Library. (Document ID: 55608512).
Scholars have long argued that popular consumer culture is both producer and product of social inequality, but few detailed empirical studies have explored the way that advertising imagery simultaneously constructs stereotypes of race the way that advertising imagery simultaneously constructs stereotypes of race and gender. This article reports on a content analysis of television commercials (n = 1699) aired on programs with high ratings for specific target audiences from 1992 to 1994
Edwards J. Whitewash?. Adweek Eastern Edition [serial online]. October 6, 2003;44(39):14-16. Available from: Business Source Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed March 5, 2010.
Abercrombie & Fitch is being sued by a number of Asian-American and Mexican store employees who say that the company generally refuses to hire Asian-Americans and Latinos and restricts African-Americans to jobs in the stock room so that its sales staff mirror the models in its quarterly catalog, who are overwhelmingly white. Although A&F has the right to market itself to any ethnic audience it chooses, the point of contention is whether A&F's marketing has encouraged a corporate culture that is oblivious to racial discrimination. The potential consequences of the lawsuit are discussed.
Friday, March 5, 2010
Group: 3 Gender
Summary:
There are unwritten gender norms that our culture has developed over the decades. When people in media defy gender norms, the mass public has strong reactions, suggesting that the mass public relies on popular figures in culture to support the gender characteristics already put in place by society.
Sources:
There are unwritten gender norms that our culture has developed over the decades. When people in media defy gender norms, the mass public has strong reactions, suggesting that the mass public relies on popular figures in culture to support the gender characteristics already put in place by society.
Sources:
George, Lianne. "GOING GAGA." Maclean's 122.21 (2009): 47. MAS Ultra - School Edition. EBSCO. Web. 5 Mar. 2010.
The article is about Lady Gaga. It talks about her plans to save pop music from ruins; she believes that if an artist gets too much exposure from the media (ex: Jessica Simpson in the Newly Weds) that it can ruin the mystery of the artist. Therefore, making them less desirable to the public. The article also gives backg...round information on how Stefani Germanotta became Lady Gaga and why she likes to be so different from other artists.
JURGENSEN, JOHN. "Lady Gaga's Lessons for the Music Business - WSJ.com." Business News & Financial News - The Wall Street Journal - WSJ.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Mar. 2010.
This article expresses what Lady Gaga can do to the business world of music in terms of her relationship with her label, but it also parallels her to Madonna, a female artist we could also have a focus on. It also mentions how most of her music is being downloaded legally-... this could show that people respect her as an artist (she writes her own lyrics, has her own vision) and they appreciate that and want to reward her for it. Where as if you want to get the latest Brittany Spears song you can find it anywhere for free and not feel the least bit of sympathy (she is a product of a cultural industry and her songs lack originality and therefore fans lack the motivation to pay for it).
Click, M., & Kramer, M. (2007). Reflections on a Century of Living: Gendered Differences in Mainstream Popular Songs. Popular Communication, 5(4), 241-262. doi:10.1080/15405700701608915.
This article talks about how mainstream music's affect on gender issues has not been researched enough. It mentions that lyrics and music video content shows very different images of male and female gender roles.
Thursday, March 4, 2010
Disney and Gender- Gender Group 2
In order to explore the question “Do gender portrayals in the media create certain expectations and stereotypes within popular culture?” our group has chosen to look at the portrayals of Disney characters based on their gender and how this influences society within the popular culture. We will investigate how the male characters are a false representation of what women expect in real life society. We will also look at the way Disney defines relationships and the way it influences how men and women react in relationships based on these roles.
SOURCES:
Tanner, L., Haddock, S., Zimmerman, T., & Lund, L. (2003). Images of Couples and Families in Disney Feature-Length Animated Films. American Journal of Family Therapy, 31(5), 355. doi:1080/01926180390223987.
In this article, Tanner examines the different themes and roles played out by couples and families throughout 26 different Disney films. Tanner’s research was done to help understand how children gain information about couples relationships. She found that Disney movies were a large source in how children gain relationship information and “in the majority of the movies the couples fell in love, got married, and ‘lived happily ever after’. The idea that love is ‘easy’ and requires no work …” (p. 364).
Lockhart, Andrea Fern (2000). Perceived influence of a Disney fairy tale on beliefs about romantic love and marriage. Ph.D. dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology - Berkeley/Alameda, United States -- California. Retrieved March 4, 2010, from Dissertations & Theses: Full Text.(Publication No. AAT 9964887).
This article discusses the information found during a study that addresses romantic love and marriage relationships in Disney films. It also investigates the influence of these Disney fairy tales on relationships of gender. The study found that “participants perceived beliefs about romantic love and marriage to be more central in the daily lives of women, resulting in more severe consequences as compared to men” (p. 2).
Faherty, V. (2001). Is the mouse sensitive? A study of race, gender, and social vulnerability in Disney animated films. Simile,1(3), N.PAG. Retrieved from Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text database
This article focuses on the vulnerabilities onto society. And how they are affected by Disney characters specifically. The study is not limited to just the characters but also discusses the effects of the songs, story themes, and trinkets onto race, age, and specifically gender.
Celebrity Culture and Popular Religiosity (Religion- Group 2)
Our group has chosen to look at the role of religious topics and issues in the life's of celebrities. For us to better understand the topic it was important to answer the question, " How does the media present or communicate religious feelings of celebrities?". We will be looking at the numerous aspects of religious activity, dedication, and belief. In order to answer the question in depth we will also look at tradition and popular culture as portrayed as a celeb.
Sources:
John Maltby (2004). Celebrity and Religious Worship: A Refinement. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied. (pp. 286 - 288).
In this article Maltby speculates on the possible relationship between celebrity worship and religious worship. Its stated that a close relationship between attitudes toward famous persons
and attitudes toward religion may not be obvious, there are theoretical arguments proposing possible relationships between these. He later states previous findings to show a "negative relationship" between celebrity worship and religiosity.
Sachin Tendulkar, Cricket and Indian Nationalisms (2005). SPORT, CELEBRITY AND POPULAR CULTURE. (pp. 433-446)
The key issue in this article was the importance of celebrity display of popular culture which in turn can stem to beliefs about values and religion. Particular sporting celebs such as Tiger Woods and David Becham were mentioned because they are not just athletes they are considered celebrities and role models. We would use this article to research the way people are influenced by "icons".
Douglas V. Porpora (2006). Personal heroes, religion, and transcendental metanarratives.Springer Netherlands. (pp. 209-229)
This article will be used for sociological interest in popular culture, also how the "hero types" lauded by the media from situation comedies to movies, books, and magazines. All which have involved celebrities. Do people today have personal hero's? Of course, does that influence their views of religion?
Alexandria "Nicole" Howell-Moore
Sources:
John Maltby (2004). Celebrity and Religious Worship: A Refinement. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied. (pp. 286 - 288).
In this article Maltby speculates on the possible relationship between celebrity worship and religious worship. Its stated that a close relationship between attitudes toward famous persons
and attitudes toward religion may not be obvious, there are theoretical arguments proposing possible relationships between these. He later states previous findings to show a "negative relationship" between celebrity worship and religiosity.
Sachin Tendulkar, Cricket and Indian Nationalisms (2005). SPORT, CELEBRITY AND POPULAR CULTURE. (pp. 433-446)
The key issue in this article was the importance of celebrity display of popular culture which in turn can stem to beliefs about values and religion. Particular sporting celebs such as Tiger Woods and David Becham were mentioned because they are not just athletes they are considered celebrities and role models. We would use this article to research the way people are influenced by "icons".
Douglas V. Porpora (2006). Personal heroes, religion, and transcendental metanarratives.Springer Netherlands. (pp. 209-229)
This article will be used for sociological interest in popular culture, also how the "hero types" lauded by the media from situation comedies to movies, books, and magazines. All which have involved celebrities. Do people today have personal hero's? Of course, does that influence their views of religion?
Alexandria "Nicole" Howell-Moore
TOPIC: The effect of international culture industries on popular culture and information exchange within the global village. (Globalization Group 1)
For our particular case study, we will be looking at the role Coca-Cola and McDonalds play in global popular culture and the global information exhange. We will be considering how these culture industries are portrayed diffently in various nations, and how the specific values of these brands are communicated. We will also be looking into the role these industries play in the global information exhange, and why, if at all, this exchange is Westernized.
MORSE, J. (2009). COCA-COLA, COMMUNICATION, AND CONFUSION. ETC: A Review of General Semantics, 66(2), 162-166. Retrieved from Academic Search Complete database.
This source discusses one example of how and why Coca-Cola was modified for Chinese consumers. We will be using this article to evaluate why or why not the different cultural aspects forced Coca-Cola to reevaluate their ads.
FONTENELLE, I. (2008). Rationalization, Reenchantment and Resistance in the Culture of Brands: On the Constitution of and Challenge against the McDonald's Brand. International Sociological Association, Barcelona, Spain.
This article discusses the "forms of rationalization of McDonald's as a brand a paradigm for a way of life." We will be using this article to decipher the ways in which McDonalds brands are used in different cultures, and how these brands portray specific values and beliefs within each culture.
Foster, Robert J. (2008). Coca-Globalization: Following Soft Drinks from New York to New Guinea. 275. Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
This book explores globalization through a historical and anthropological study of how familiar soft drinks such as Coke and Pepsi became valued as more than mere commodities.Foster discusses the transnational operations of soft drink companies. Based on field observations and interviews, as well as archival and library research, this book is about the cultural consequences and political prospects of globalization, including new forms of consumer citizenship and corporate social responsibility.
MORSE, J. (2009). COCA-COLA, COMMUNICATION, AND CONFUSION. ETC: A Review of General Semantics, 66(2), 162-166. Retrieved from Academic Search Complete database.
This source discusses one example of how and why Coca-Cola was modified for Chinese consumers. We will be using this article to evaluate why or why not the different cultural aspects forced Coca-Cola to reevaluate their ads.
FONTENELLE, I. (2008). Rationalization, Reenchantment and Resistance in the Culture of Brands: On the Constitution of and Challenge against the McDonald's Brand. International Sociological Association, Barcelona, Spain.
This article discusses the "forms of rationalization of McDonald's as a brand a paradigm for a way of life." We will be using this article to decipher the ways in which McDonalds brands are used in different cultures, and how these brands portray specific values and beliefs within each culture.
Foster, Robert J. (2008). Coca-Globalization: Following Soft Drinks from New York to New Guinea. 275. Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
This book explores globalization through a historical and anthropological study of how familiar soft drinks such as Coke and Pepsi became valued as more than mere commodities.Foster discusses the transnational operations of soft drink companies. Based on field observations and interviews, as well as archival and library research, this book is about the cultural consequences and political prospects of globalization, including new forms of consumer citizenship and corporate social responsibility.
Wednesday, March 3, 2010
Sex and the City Relationships and Priorities (Group 1- Gender)
We are focusing our study on the women of Sex and the City, and our question is, "How do these women's relationships differ from one another's, and how do their perspectives on life (career, kids, social status) effect this?" So basically, we will be studying how the women act in their different relationships, who has the power in the relationship, and how outside factors effect their relationships with their significant others.
Deziel, Shanda. (2003). City slickness. Maclean's,116(38), 50-51.
This article is about the girls in Sex and the City who are out looking for love, or lust, and how the men are never good enough. The more things are wrong, the more the girls discuss what they want out of relationships. Who says women aren't purely interested in purely physical relationships?
Shelasky, Alyssa. (2008). Let's talk about sex. People,69(20), 118-122.
The actresses on the characters with regard to boys, scandals and views on how the characters think of their boy troubles. Where they think the relationships are going and why.
Naussbaum, Emily. (2008). "sarah jessica parker would like a few words with carrie bradshaw. New York, 41(17), 22
Talks about a book, which people call an earlier version of Sex and the City, and how it is different. Views on how the characters want more out of life. The women are portrayed as free and on the marriage hunt. Shows the values of the single woman in the 21st century.
Monday, March 1, 2010
SAMPLE: The Role of Celebrity in Global Pop Culture (Globalization-Group X)
In order to explore the question "What factors influence the globalization of popular culture?" our group has chosen to look at the role celebrities play in creating and influencing notions of the popular culture. We will investigate how celebrity culture creates a base of cultural values that get circulated within popular culture. We will also look at the role the media plays in promoting and framing celebrity beliefs and agendas and how these actions are viewed not only in the USA but internationally.
SOURCES:
Eric Rothbuhler (2005). The church of the cult of the individual. In E. W. Rothenbuhler & M. Coman (Eds.), Media Anthropology, (pp. 91-100). Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
In this article Rothenbuhler raises the idea of “the cult of the individual as the religion of modern society” and celebrities as essential elements of today’s environment. He states that, “the media provide the religious education of the cult of the individual” (p. 17) and because the media provides all the necessary means for practice, the public’s access to media is crucial. This article helps frame our understanding of the role celebrities play in popular culture
Charlotte Ryan, Michael Anastario, & Karen Jefferys, (1998). Start Small, Build Big: Negotiating Opportunities in Media Markets. Mobilization: An International Quarterly, 10 (1) pp. 111-128. Retrieved November 21, 2008, from http://www.mrap.info/docs/start_small_build_big.pdf
This article discusses factors which influence success of various social movements and the role the media play in this. As the article states, “Social movements and their participating collective actors start with seemingly impossible goals to create macro shifts in social structures. By organizing strategically with support from agency laden institutions, collective actors gain strength over time despite pressure from existing structural arrangements, they find opportunities and turn them into bigger ones” (p. 125). This article will help us reflect on how the media shape popular values and also how celebrities must interact with the media in order to communicate their message.
Philip Brown & Jessica Minty (2008). Media Coverage and Charitable Giving after the 2004 Tsunami. Southern Economic Journal, 75, pp. 9-25. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http://www.wdi.umich.edu/files/Publications/WorkingPapers/wp855.pdf
In this article the resulting charitable support after the tragedy in Thailand is detailed and explained and the role celebrities play in raising awareness about the situation. According to Brown and Minty, “media coverage of humanitarian crisis is widely believed to influence charitable giving” (p. 21) and increase the level of support the cause achieves. This article describes how media serve as important tools for framing tragedy and how spokespersons can influence people's perception and action in such events.
SOURCES:
Eric Rothbuhler (2005). The church of the cult of the individual. In E. W. Rothenbuhler & M. Coman (Eds.), Media Anthropology, (pp. 91-100). Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
In this article Rothenbuhler raises the idea of “the cult of the individual as the religion of modern society” and celebrities as essential elements of today’s environment. He states that, “the media provide the religious education of the cult of the individual” (p. 17) and because the media provides all the necessary means for practice, the public’s access to media is crucial. This article helps frame our understanding of the role celebrities play in popular culture
Charlotte Ryan, Michael Anastario, & Karen Jefferys, (1998). Start Small, Build Big: Negotiating Opportunities in Media Markets. Mobilization: An International Quarterly, 10 (1) pp. 111-128. Retrieved November 21, 2008, from http://www.mrap.info/docs/start_small_build_big.pdf
This article discusses factors which influence success of various social movements and the role the media play in this. As the article states, “Social movements and their participating collective actors start with seemingly impossible goals to create macro shifts in social structures. By organizing strategically with support from agency laden institutions, collective actors gain strength over time despite pressure from existing structural arrangements, they find opportunities and turn them into bigger ones” (p. 125). This article will help us reflect on how the media shape popular values and also how celebrities must interact with the media in order to communicate their message.
Philip Brown & Jessica Minty (2008). Media Coverage and Charitable Giving after the 2004 Tsunami. Southern Economic Journal, 75, pp. 9-25. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http://www.wdi.umich.edu/files/Publications/WorkingPapers/wp855.pdf
In this article the resulting charitable support after the tragedy in Thailand is detailed and explained and the role celebrities play in raising awareness about the situation. According to Brown and Minty, “media coverage of humanitarian crisis is widely believed to influence charitable giving” (p. 21) and increase the level of support the cause achieves. This article describes how media serve as important tools for framing tragedy and how spokespersons can influence people's perception and action in such events.
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